Salix purpurea
Etymology
The purple willow is named after the typical purplish hue of its bark.
Habitat and Distribution
A member of the Salicaceae family, the purple willow is a deciduous shrub widely distributed across Europe, Central Asia, Japan, and North Africa. It is a pioneer species that naturally colonizes riverbanks and pond shores, especially in sandy or gravel-rich soils, from lowland to subalpine zones. While it prefers moist conditions, it cannot tolerate constantly waterlogged soils, which suffocate the roots. It can withstand moderate drought.
Ecological Value
It blooms in early spring before the first leaves appear. The flowers grow in catkins that differ between sexes: male catkins display prominent yellow stamens, while female ones are greenish. Purple willow is highly attractive to bees. Its extensive, branched root system stabilizes riverbanks and is commonly used in ecological restoration projects. Its flexible wood is traditionally used in basket weaving.
Culinary and Medicinal Value
Purple willow has no culinary use. However, the bark contains salicylates with analgesic, antipyretic, and anti-inflammatory properties. It is used in infusions for back pain, colds with fever, headaches, and various aches – hence the nickname “natural aspirin.” Willow bark is also used in mother tinctures (drop form), and the buds are applied in gemmotherapy for arthritis, rheumatism, osteoarthritis, and muscle or joint pain. It also has antifungal and diuretic properties.
Sources :
https://www.sidroga.ch/fr/lexique-des-plantes-medicinales/saule/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salix_purpurea